Independent Scientists Dissect Tesla and BYD Batteries
For the first time, a group of independent scientists from Germany’s RWTH Aachen University successfully disassembled and analyzed the most advanced batteries from Tesla and BYD, two leading electric vehicle manufacturers. The findings surprised even experts in the field.
Two Approaches, Two Philosophies
The analyzed batteries were Tesla’s cylindrical 4680 cell and BYD’s flat Blade Cell, each with distinct features reflecting different market strategies.
- Tesla focuses on power and high energy density. Its cell weighs only 355 grams and offers 643.3 Wh/l.
BYD prioritizes durability and affordable costs. Its larger, flat cell achieves 355.3 Wh/l but weighs 2,700 grams.
These differences reflect distinct objectives: while Tesla aims to deliver autonomy and performance in high-end vehicles, BYD focuses on democratizing electric mobility with more cost-effective and thermal management solutions.
Efficiency in Thermal Management: A Key Differentiator
One of the most surprising findings was the thermal behavior of both batteries. The BYD Blade Cell generated only half the heat of Tesla’s battery during rapid charging processes. This represents a significant advantage in terms of safety and thermal management within the vehicle.
Moreover, researchers noted that Tesla’s battery has yet to reach its full potential, suggesting opportunities for improvement in future versions.
Chemical Composition and Manufacturing Differences
In terms of chemical composition, the batteries take different paths:
- BYD uses lithium iron phosphate (LFP), a more cost-effective and durable option.
Tesla opts for a mixture with high nickel content (NMC811), offering greater energy density but at a higher cost.
In manufacturing, Tesla has an edge requiring fewer production steps. However, both manufacturers implement unique innovations, such as laser welding and similar passive material proportions.
Which Battery is Superior?
There is no clear winner. It depends on priorities:
- Seeking power and autonomy? Choose Tesla.
- Preferring durability and affordable pricing? Opt for BYD.
Each battery was designed with a specific segment in mind, and both excel in their respective purposes. Beyond commercial rivalry, it’s evident that there are multiple paths to building the future of electric mobility.
