Background on the Treaty and its Significance
On June 19, 2023, after nearly two decades of negotiations, the world witnessed a significant milestone in marine conservation with the adoption of the BBNJ (Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction) Treaty. This historic agreement aims to protect marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, ensuring the sustainable use and conservation of marine genetic resources.
Key Provisions of the BBNJ Treaty
- Establishment of marine protected areas to safeguard critical habitats and species
- Mandatory environmental impact assessments for human activities in high seas
- Regulation of sustainable use and access to marine genetic resources
- Promotion of international scientific and technological cooperation
The BBNJ Treaty, being the third instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also includes financial mechanisms and institutional arrangements such as a Conference of Parties, subsidiary bodies, an information exchange mechanism, and a permanent secretariat.
Mexico’s Ratification and its Implications
During the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly, Mexico’s Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Juan Ramón de la Fuente, formally ratified the BBNJ Treaty by depositing the instrument of ratification with Elinor Hammarskjöld, the United Nations’ Deputy Secretary-General for Legal Affairs. This action marks Mexico’s commitment to the global effort in protecting marine biodiversity.
By joining the BBNJ Treaty, Mexico reinforces its dedication to multilateralism and international law as the most effective means of addressing global challenges. The treaty is set to enter into force in January 2026, paving the way for a more robust global governance of marine resources.
Key Questions and Answers
- What is the BBNJ Treaty? The Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Treaty is a global agreement adopted in 2023 to protect marine biodiversity in areas not governed by any country’s laws. It focuses on establishing marine protected areas, assessing environmental impacts of human activities, regulating sustainable use of marine genetic resources, and fostering international scientific and technological cooperation.
- Why is Mexico’s ratification significant? Mexico’s ratification of the BBNJ Treaty demonstrates its commitment to multilateralism and international law, reaffirming its role as a responsible global citizen in addressing marine conservation challenges.
- When will the BBNJ Treaty enter into force? The BBNJ Treaty is expected to enter into force in January 2026, marking a crucial step towards enhanced global governance of marine resources.
