Introduction to the Judicial Discipline Tribunal (TDJ)
The Judicial Discipline Tribunal (TDJ) has made significant strides since its formal establishment on September 1, 2025, becoming a cornerstone of Mexico’s new judicial architecture. The TDJ was officially inaugurated on September 1, 2025, coinciding with President Claudia Sheinbaum’s first government report.
Composition of the TDJ
The TDJ comprises five elected magistrates chosen through popular vote: Celia Maya García (President), Eva Verónica de Gyvés Zárate, Indira Isabel García Pérez, Bernardo Bátiz Vázquez, and Rufino H. León Tovar.
State-Level TDJ Installation Progress
Local judicial elections took place in 19 federal entities on June 1, 2025, including the selection of magistrates for state TDJ entities. Zacatecas was the first state to install its local Judicial Discipline Tribunal, with magistrates also elected by citizen vote. Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California have made progress in establishing their disciplinary judicial tribunals.
Delays in the state deployment of judicial discipline have been influenced by the uneven implementation of legal reforms and the lack of political will from relevant actors.
Challenges and Priorities for the TDJ
Presiding Magistrate Celia Maya has emphasized the importance of demonstrating the relevance and success of the judicial reform amidst national and international skepticism.
- Strengthening Judicial Training: Recognize the need for enhanced judicial training to ensure competence and consistency.
- Avoiding Political Persecution: Guarantee that disciplinary actions are not used for political targeting.
- Legal and Non-Ideological Sanctions: Ensure that sanctions are based on legal criteria rather than ideological motivations.
Key Unresolved Appointments
As of now, crucial TDJ appointments, such as the Evaluation and Investigation Unit, remain unofficial.
Conclusion
The TDJ represents a groundbreaking institutional innovation in Mexico, with rapid organizational progress despite challenges related to legitimacy, coordination, and technical training. Its consolidation hinges on its ability to exercise effective oversight without compromising judicial independence and fostering a culture of integrity within the justice system.
