Overview and Key Details
The global wine production increased slightly in 2025, but remained below the average for the third consecutive year due to extreme and volatile weather conditions faced by vineyards, according to the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV).
The OIV’s preliminary estimates place the global wine production at 232 million hectoliters this year, a 3% increase from 2024, but still 7% below the five-year average.
Climate Change Impact
John Barker, OIV’s General Manager, explained to Reuters that the primary cause of lower production over the past three years is climate variations observed in both hemispheres:
- “Some regions have experienced heat and drought, followed by heavy rains or unexpected frosts. The fact that we’ve seen this type of effect for three consecutive years is quite remarkable.”
Regional Performance
In Europe, France recorded its smallest harvest since 1957, while Spain’s production dropped to its lowest level in three decades. However, Italy reclaimed its position as the world’s leading wine producer with an 8% production increase, benefiting from favorable weather conditions.
- France: Smallest harvest since 1957
- Spain: Lowest production in 30 years
- Italy: Recovered position as the world’s leading producer with an 8% production increase
In the United States, the fourth-largest wine producer globally, 21.7 million hectoliters are expected—a 3% increase from 2024, though still below its historical maximum and 9% below the five-year average.
Southern Hemisphere Performance
The southern hemisphere’s production rebounded 7% after three consecutive years of decline, led by South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Brazil. However, production remained 5% below the average, with Chile experiencing declines.
Implications and Outlook
Barker anticipates that the limited growth in global wine production will help stabilize inventories amidst sluggish demand in mature markets, declining consumption in China, and ongoing global trade uncertainty.
- Stabilizing Inventories: Low production is challenging for individual producers and regions, but from a macroeconomic perspective, it ensures production and consumption are more aligned.
The OIV plans to update its estimates later this year. One hectoliter is equivalent to 133 standard wine bottles.
