Background on Key Players
The recent conflict between Israel and Iran, often referred to as the “12-day war,” has significant implications for regional stability and nuclear non-proliferation efforts. Israel, led by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, aims to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Meanwhile, Iran insists on its right to a civilian nuclear program.
The 12-Day War: An Overview
On June 7, 2023, Hamas, the Islamist militant group controlling the Gaza Strip, launched an attack on Israel. In response, Israel initiated a military campaign against both Hamas and Iran, which it accused of supporting the group. The conflict escalated rapidly, with both sides exchanging accusations and threats.
US Mediation and Ceasefire
President Donald Trump played a crucial role in mediating the conflict, facilitating a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Iran on June 24. Trump announced the total and complete ceasefire on his social media platform, Truth Social. Both Israel and Iran agreed to the truce, with each side claiming victory.
Implications of the Ceasefire
- Israel’s Perspective: The Israeli military declared that it would now refocus on its offensive in Gaza, where Hamas militants continue to hold Israeli hostages captured during the October 7 attack.
- Iran’s Perspective: Iran’s government proclaimed the end of the “12-day war” imposed by Israel. The country reaffirmed its commitment to a civilian nuclear program, stating it does not seek nuclear weapons.
- UN’s Role: UN Secretary-General António Guterres welcomed the ceasefire announcement and urged both nations to respect it fully. He emphasized the need for an end to hostilities, hoping the truce could extend to other regional conflicts, including Gaza.
Iran’s Retaliatory Strikes Against US Interests in Qatar
Prior to the ceasefire, Iran launched missile attacks on the Al Udeid airbase in Qatar, a US military facility. The attack was in response to earlier US strikes on Iranian nuclear sites. Qatar confirmed the base was evacuated, and misiles were intercepted. Trump acknowledged Iran’s advance warning, preventing any casualties or damage.
Casualties and Impact
The 12-day war resulted in at least 700 civilian deaths and over 5,000 injuries in Iran, according to the Iranian Health Ministry. Israel reported 28 fatalities due to Iranian fire.
The conflict in Gaza began with Hamas’s October 7 attack, causing 1,219 Israeli deaths—mostly civilians—according to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures. Israel’s retaliatory offensive against Hamas has led to 56,412 deaths in Gaza, mostly civilians, as per the Palestinian territory’s Health Ministry data, which the UN deems reliable.
