Introduction to MERS-CoV and its Global Impact
The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported 19 cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) with 4 fatalities worldwide from the start of 2025 up to December 21st. Saudi Arabia remains the primary focus of this outbreak.
Key Findings from WHO Report
- Confirmed Cases: 19 cases of MERS-CoV have been reported, with 17 originating from Saudi Arabia and 2 in France following travel to the Arabian Peninsula.
- Risk Assessment: The overall risk level remains moderate, both globally and regionally.
- Persistent Threat: The virus continues to pose a threat in countries where it circulates among dromedary camels, the primary animal reservoir identified for MERS-CoV.
MERS-CoV: Background and Relevance
First identified in 2012, MERS-CoV has caused sporadic cases and outbreaks mainly in the Middle East. Although the number of reported infections in 2025 remains limited, WHO emphasizes the importance of continuous vigilance, international cooperation, and strict adherence to preventive measures to curb the virus’s impact on global public health.
Transmission and Prevention
WHO warns that ongoing transmission from camels to humans in affected regions can lead to sporadic cases or limited outbreaks. To address this, the organization stresses the need for constant epidemiological surveillance and timely health responses, particularly in affected countries’ healthcare systems.
- Preventive Measures: WHO recommends reinforcing infection control protocols, early case detection, and proper management of suspected or confirmed patients in healthcare settings to minimize person-to-person transmission, especially in hospitals and healthcare facilities.
Key Questions and Answers
- What is MERS-CoV? Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a viral respiratory disease first identified in 2012, primarily affecting the Middle East.
- How many cases were reported in 2025? The WHO reported 19 cases of MERS-CoV in 2025, with 4 fatalities.
- Where are the cases concentrated? Saudi Arabia is the main focus of MERS-CoV cases in 2025, with 17 out of the 19 confirmed cases originating there.
- What is the current risk assessment? The WHO maintains a moderate risk level for MERS-CoV both globally and regionally.
- Why is camel transmission significant? Dromedary camels are the primary animal reservoir for MERS-CoV, and their ongoing transmission to humans can lead to sporadic cases or limited outbreaks.
- What preventive measures should be taken? WHO recommends reinforcing infection control protocols, early case detection, and proper management of suspected or confirmed patients in healthcare settings to minimize person-to-person transmission.
