Background on INEGI and its Relevance
The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) is Mexico’s official statistics agency, responsible for collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data. INEGI plays a crucial role in informing policymakers, researchers, and the general public about various aspects of Mexican society. Its reports on mortality statistics are essential for understanding health trends, disease prevalence, and causes of death.
Key Findings from the 2024 Report
According to INEGI’s Estadísticas de Defunciones Registradas (EDR) 2024 report, Mexico experienced a 2.5% increase in registered deaths from 2023, with 819,672 fatalities in 2024 compared to 799,869 in 2023. The crude death rate per 100,000 inhabitants rose to 630, an increase of 11 units from the previous year.
Top Ten Causes of Death
The report outlines the top ten causes of death in 2024:
- Diseases of the heart: 192,518
- Diabetes mellitus: 112,577
- Malignant tumors: 95,108
- Liver diseases: 40,645
- Accidents: 39,919
- Influenza and pneumonia: 37,283
- Cerebrovascular diseases: 34,784
- Homicides: 33,550
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: 19,136
- Renal insufficiency: 17,352
Changes in Rankings and Trends
In 2024, accidents moved from the fourth to the fifth position, being the only cause of death that decreased in number compared to 2023. Other causes, such as heart diseases, diabetes mellitus, malignant tumors, liver diseases, influenza and pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, homicides, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and renal insufficiency, all saw an increase in fatalities.
Liver diseases shifted from the fifth to the fourth position, while influenza and pneumonia moved from the seventh to the sixth place compared to 2023.
Detailed Changes in Mortality
Compared to 2023, there were:
- 3,308 more deaths due to heart diseases
- 2,518 additional deaths from diabetes mellitus
- 3,546 more fatalities from malignant tumors
- 593 additional deaths due to liver diseases
- 356 fewer accident-related deaths
- 3,346 more deaths from influenza and pneumonia
- 356 additional cerebrovascular disease deaths
- 1,298 more homicides
- 531 additional deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
- 1,423 more deaths from renal insufficiency
Age and Gender Distribution
In 2024, 44.0% of the deceased were women, while 55.9% were men. The age group of 65 years and older accounted for the highest number of deaths, comprising 57.9% of all fatalities. The specific mortality rate for this group was 4,451 per 100,000 inhabitants, with women having a rate of 4,169 and men 4,783.
State-wise Mortality
Nationally, the crude death rate was 630 per 100,000 inhabitants. The Mexico City had the highest rate at 863, while Quintana Roo had the lowest at 490. When considering deaths registered and occurring in 2024, Mexico City again had the highest rate at 860, whereas Guerrero had the lowest at 444.
Chihuahua reported the highest standardized death rate (770) among entities of residence, while Guerrero had the lowest (527).
Key Questions and Answers
- What is the main finding of the INEGI report for 2024? There was a 2.5% increase in registered deaths, with 819,672 fatalities in 2024 compared to 799,869 in 2023.
- What were the top ten causes of death in 2024? The leading causes were diseases of the heart, diabetes mellitus, malignant tumors, liver diseases, accidents, influenza and pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, homicides, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and renal insufficiency.
- How did the rankings of causes of death change from 2023 to 2024? Accidents moved from the fourth to fifth position, while liver diseases shifted from fifth to fourth. Influenza and pneumonia moved from seventh to sixth place.
- What were the detailed changes in mortality compared to 2023? There were increases in deaths from heart diseases, diabetes mellitus, malignant tumors, liver diseases, influenza and pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, homicides, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and renal insufficiency. Accident-related deaths decreased.
- How were deaths distributed by age and gender in 2024? Women accounted for 44.0% of the deceased, while men made up 55.9%. The age group of 65 years and older had the highest number of deaths, with specific mortality rates varying by gender.
- What were the state-wise mortality trends in 2024? Mexico City had the highest crude death rate (863), while Quintana Roo had the lowest (490). Chihuahua reported the highest standardized death rate (770) among entities of residence, while Guerrero had the lowest (527).
